Zika virus is a flavivirus transmitted primarily by Aedes mosquitoes such as Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus. Since first being identified in Uganda in 1947, Zika virus has spread across the globe and is endemic in Africa, Southeast Asia, the Pacific Islands and the Americas. Health officials on Monday reported six cases of Zika virus infection in Pune city, including two in pregnant women. Read on to learn more about the signs, causes, treatment and management of Zika virus.
Cause
The main cause of Zika virus infection is the bite of an infected Aedes aegypti mosquito.
Other routes of infection include:
Maternal-fetal transfusion laboratory exposure
Also read: Central government advises state governments after Zika virus cases in Maharashtra
Symptoms
Fever: A low-grade fever, usually below 102°F (38.9°C). Often one of the first symptoms to appear. Rash: A maculopapular rash (red spots and bumps) that starts on the face and spreads to other parts of the body. It is often itchy. Joint pain: Pain and swelling in the small joints, mainly in the hands and feet, and may be accompanied by muscle pain. Conjunctivitis (redness): Red, inflamed eyes. Similar to conjunctivitis but without pus. Muscle pain: Generalized muscle pain, similar to that experienced with other viral infections. Headache: A mild to moderate headache, often accompanied by other symptoms. Fatigue: Generalized tiredness and lack of energy, which may continue after other symptoms have subsided. Abdominal pain: Less commonly, it may occur as a dull or sharp pain in the abdomen. Vomiting: Nausea and occasional vomiting, which can lead to dehydration and weakness. Eye pain: Pain behind the eye, often described as a deep ache that worsens when moving the eye.
Treatment and Management
There is currently no specific antiviral treatment for Zika virus. Treatment focuses on relieving symptoms and may include:
Get plenty of rest so your body can fight the infection. Drink fluids to prevent dehydration, especially if you are vomiting or have diarrhea. Use over-the-counter pain relievers. Stay indoors, use insect repellent, wear long sleeves and long pants, and use mosquito nets to prevent further bites and reduce the spread of the virus. Practice safe sex, such as using condoms or abstaining from sexual activity, to prevent sexual transmission of the virus, especially if one partner is infected or has recently traveled to a Zika virus-endemic area. Pregnant women suspected of Zika virus infection should see a doctor because it can cause serious birth defects. Regular prenatal care and monitoring are essential. See a doctor if symptoms worsen or if you have concerns about complications. Your health care provider can provide guidance and support in managing your symptoms. Follow local public health recommendations and advisories to minimize the risk of infection, especially during the outbreak.
Most people infected with the Zika virus experience mild symptoms that subside within a week, but pregnant women and those planning to become pregnant should take extra care because of the risk of severe birth defects.
Disclaimer: This content including advice provides general information only. It is not a substitute for a qualified medical opinion. Always consult a specialist or doctor for more information. NDTV is not responsible for this information.
Today’s Featured Video
Agnivelu’s family breaks silence amid compensation row
